It's That Time of Year!

A couple notable milestones today - first of all, it broke 100F in Tucson today!  Turns out, 16 May is about average for it to happen.  Last year, it didn't happen till 1 June, but then set a record by exceeding 100F for every day of the month, the first time it has ever happened!  It has also broken 100F as early as April too, so really, it is the season for that to happen.  One of the local stations runs a contest to name the date, hour and minute that it happens, the big prize being a trip to Cancun or somewhere, so is kind of a big deal 'round here.  They call it the "Icebreak Contest", when the proverbial ice breaks on the Santa Cruz River...  Of course, the Santa Cruz is a dry wash for 360 days of the year, so you have to use your imagination!

The other milestone is that our neighbor's saguaro cactus started blooming yesterday!  A couple years back it was damaged by some cold temperatures (they don't do well below 28F for more than a few hours).  It lost a good 60" (1.5 meters) off the main trunk, and one of the arms, normally held high, droops down to almost head level.  The good thing about that, if it survives, is that the flowers normally out of reach will be easily accessible.  The amazing thing about this particular branch is that it had literally dozens of buds on it.  Unfortunately they don't bloom all at once, only a couple per night typically, but it may keep me entertained for weeks!  The shots shown at left and right were taken a couple days ago, and you can see my reason for excitement.

What you may not know about the Sonoran Desert icon, Cereus giganteus or Carnegiea gigantean is that they are night bloomers, opening shortly after sunset and close up in the heat of the next day.  They require pollination from other plants, but fortunately there are numerous night-time and early-morning pollinators from long-nose bats, birds and insects.  One of my favorite local bloggers, biologist M. Brummermann has a great post on non-insect pollinators...  Shown at left is tonight's crop of flowers, freshly opened! 

I checked on these about an hour after sunset and they were just starting to open.  An hour later and they were in full bloom!  The closer you look, the more the flowers look fake!  The short white petals look like the satin cloth that make up a lot of artificial flowers, and the cup-shaped bowl full of pollen almost looks artificial in it's perfection.  I'm going to look at these in the morning to see if they look a little more ragged after a night's worth of visits...  At least I'm glad I don't have to be 20 feet in the air in the dark to take these closeups!


Edit:

Of course, there are a couple things I forget when writing a post...  Concerning the 100 degree temps, of course, the local qualifier is that at least "It's a dry heat!"  It is not as uncomfortable as you might think because your body's cooling system works fine - while you sweat, you sweat efficiently - no sweaty clothes!  And that is one of the reasons we can have low temperatures near 60F, yet break 100F later in the day - dry air takes less energy to heat up than humid, so you can usually infer that when it is that hot, it is also dry.  Case in point, last night when we heard it had broken 100F on the 5pm news, the dewpoint at the time was 1F, for a depression of nearly 100 degrees (!) making the humidity 3%!

Shown here is a photo of the neighbor's saguaro flower this morning after surviving the night time pollinators.  Looks none the worse for wear, though perhaps in our part of town we don't get many pollinators.  There are some differences from the freshly-bloomed blossom above - the center of the flower is much deeper, either an artifact of the flower further blooming or of pollinators burrowing in to get to the nectar at the flower bottom, their ultimate interest in exchange for carrying pollen...

So of course, I had to stick my finger in it...  If you went to the Brummermann blog above, you saw birds that stuck their heads into the flower and came out yellow-headed!  So yes, I had to try and sure enough, the pollen coats your finger, or whatever it comes in contact with to carry to the next plant and cross-pollination goes on.  The macro lens (Canon 100mm used for all these shots) can resolve the pollen grains against my fingerprint structure...

I'm sure that by the time this saguaro is done blooming, you'll be bored with all my posts on it.  Then, of course, comes the fruit and seeds from the plant - much more interesting when the flowers/fruits/seeds are at eye level than 30 feet in the air!

One Month Later...

I was out right at sunset checking out my neighbor's saguaro buds for flowers (look for a future post!), when I saw the nearly full moon rising over a couple palm trees on the street behind our house.  It reminded me of the moonrise on eclipse night exactly 29 days ago (14 April).  While the moon takes 27.3 days to circle the earth (the sidereal month), because during that time we've also been circling the sun, it takes an additional 2 days to move back into the same phase relative to the sun (the synoptic month).  So while the full moon last month occurred about Midnight, full moon here will happen about noon tomorrow, the aforementioned 29.5 days!

There is another difference from the full moon a month ago that I tried to explain in the prequel post to the eclipse - there won't be a lunar eclipse this month because of the inclination of the moon's orbit has moved the moon above the ecliptic plane.  So it won't intersect the earth's shadow so no eclipse...  If the moon's inclination was zero, there would be a lunar eclipse every month, and at noon tomorrow, Europe would be enjoying a lunar eclipse during our midday.  No such luck though - the next lunar eclipse won't be visible until October...

A Celebration of Seashells and Sea Life at the Seashore!

I've got some catching up to do!  This post is from images taken 4 weeks ago on our Mexico trip for the Lunar eclipse.  Being that it was full moon, Puerto Peñasco enjoyed 6 meter tides!  It is an interesting effect of the shape of the Sea of Cortez that 1 meter tides down at its mouth near La Paz results in such a huge range at the northern extent of the Sea.  It is very much like the result of splashing in a bathtub can result in large excursions in the shallow rear of the tub.  The photo at left shows the sea a couple hundred yards out from a vantage point that would be underwater a few hours later...

Since I grew up in the Midwest, the shore has an attraction for me to explore the differences from the ordinary.  While they say that Tucson is all beach and no ocean, the beach in Rocky Point is real with little animals and shells to attract my attention like little baubles.  It is a natural place for me to bring the macro lens and see what I can see.  And any regular readers know that I'm also a fan of 3D images, so here are some more hyperstereo (generally greater depth than with your two eyes) images of shells and things...

While I've shown 3D images below here, I've always displayed them for cross-eyed viewing.  In other words, the image for your right eye is on the left, so that you view it by crossing your eyes slightly.  The advantage of that is generally with training, you don't need to use a viewer to see the stereo effect.  Of course, that upsets the people who are used to using the viewers and can't utilize the cross-eyed method.  So here, for the first time, are both ways of presentation!  I still prefer the cross-eyed version as it is less dependent on the image dimensions, where for the straight viewing the images can't be much larger than your eye separation.  So if you can't cross your eyes, try looking across the room, then diverting your eyes to the straight version of the pairs, or use a viewer if you have one.  Anyway, here goes, let me know what you prefer - they both work for me without viewers.



Cross-Eyed Vision

Straight Vision

First up is a little bivalve shell that I saw when I first hit the beach on eclipse afternoon.  Again, these are hyperstereos, so you can see stereo depth even in the grains of sand, so the effect is magnified from the stereo of your two eyes.  At left is the straight pair (left to left, right to right), and at right is the cross-eyed pair...



Straight View

Cross-Eyed View

Next up is one from the next morning and shows a little shell, likely from a snail, perched atop a sand ridge causes by the ripples of water flowing out towards low tide.  While the detail in the shell is neat, I like how you can make out the perspective of the ridge of sand too...

Straight View

Cross-eyed View

Another pair of shells make an interesting stereo pair - a close-up from what started out as a wider shot, but I ended up liking the narrow field better...

Cross-Eyed View

Straight View

A single shell atop some barnacle-covered rocks provide some interesting detail contrasts...

Straight View

Cross-Eyed View

It didn't take much of a search around the high-tide mark to find some interesting subjects for macro 3D.  Even well-worn shells make interesting views.













Straight View

Cross-Eyed View

When closely examined, you see that there are more shell fragments than sand particles making up the beach surface!

Straight View

Cross-Eyed View

And as I mentioned before, even the well-worn fragments are of interest in stereo viewing!












Before and after the stereo pairs, I went searching the tide pools for some action.  While there wasn't a lot of sea life to shoot, what I did notice is that most shells, even the microscopic ones were inhabited by little sea creatures awaiting the tide to return.  I took a couple series of time-lapse exposures, typically a shot every 2 seconds.  When played back at faster rates, it was interesting to see the snails and crabs in motion going about their activities.  I'll definitely be back looking for more action like this in the future to see what I can capture!  Oh, and be sure to let me know in comments or e-mail (click on my name at upper right) if you like the new 3D option!

Our Nephew the Firefighter!

Before leaving the Midwest, we took advantage of an offer from our nephew Rick to come take a tour of the firehouse where he works.  Sounded like fun to us, so Sunday found us in search of where he works.  With me driving, and Melinda examining the map on her IPhone screen, we actually missed the big building on the hill with the big flag, big doors, big living area and big parking lot with the big sign - D'oh!  After parking, he was waiting for us at the entrance.  At left is a 3-frame panorama of the ladder truck in the garage...

He has worked at the Algonquin/Lake in the Hills fire house for 7 years, and his pride in the place shows.  We got a complete tour of the place, living quarters to going through all the equipment.  As you would expect when lives are on the line, everything you might need is right there in its proper place so there is no wasted time in getting the right tools.  This is HUGE machinery, and of course, he has to be proficient in all aspects of their use from ambulance to ladder truck.  Shown here are two of the emblems we spotted a lot.  I like the look of the tooled brass letters and pin striping shown at left even though it is an applied decal.   At right is the emblem he called the "smiley face" design.

Of course, Aunt Melinda was invited to sit in the driver's seat - quite a climb for her!  Rick explained a lot of the controls and turned on the emergency lights too, but no sirens as there were sleepers in the building...  You will note his radio close at hand - he halted the walk-through a number of times to listen to transmissions, and was on his phone a time or two also.  The picture at right is similar to the panorama frame used above, but a narrower, better shot.

These million-dollar machines are also versatile - the controls at left just hint at the complexity of what they can do.  While they carry some water on board, they can pump for less than a minute at full flow before using up their on-board water, necessitating a hookup to a hydrant or alternate source quickly.  The picture at right is interesting too - a fireman's outfit just outside an open door...  They drill to get into their gear in under a minute - during an alarm, they run out, kick off their shoes, step into their boots, pull up on the suspenders and they're ready to go!

And while the daily chores can be a routine of tedium, the risk of danger is never very far away.  At left is the ladder truck's bell, dedicated to a firefighter who died in the line of duty (also barely spotted in the panorama shot above).  Rick himself keeps those dear to him close - a picture of his daughter, year-old Emmy resides in his helmet so it is always near to him, shown at right.

It was great to see Rick and learn more about his work.  I had a little training in first responder and fire fighting when on Kitt Peak decades ago with their army surplus fire truck and modern ambulance, so I have an appreciation and respect for the job they do every day.  I hope his job continues to be routine and the dangerous aspects minimized...

In Search of Prey!

I'm thinking of a new motto: "Anything worth doing is worth doing to the extreme!"  With yesterday's post about the "ceremonial first dandelion" of the season, today's clear skies seemed to multiply their appearance by a large factor.  So I was wondering about pushing the macro lens a bit to see what it would do.  Besides that closeup lens, I had packed a set of extension tubes, the "old fashioned" way of getting closer to the object by extending the lens further from the camera body (mounted between lens and camera), allowing much closer focusing.  The picture at left shows the setup - I used a ball mount on the underside of the tripod center column, to allow the correct angle for low targets.  I also used a painter's drop cloth to lay on the ground and the intervalometer to take images without jiggling the setup.  The hard part was in using the new camera (a Canon T3) upside down like this, with all the controls scattered all over the new camera, then reversed up-down and left-right!  Oh, and did I mention the wind?  There were scattered leaves blowing across the yard it was so strong!  I even tried using an umbrella to help block it, with little success.  The only thing going for me is that dandelions are pretty sturdy and low enough to the ground that they weren't affected as much, but I still needed to wait for the wind to let up, and shoot at larger lens openings to use faster shutter speeds.

The results were quite amazing!  Despite the wind, the magnification afforded was significantly higher than I've used before and shown here.  One of my favorites is the view across the flower at the forest of pollen-covered stigma.  The stigma split at the end, forming a pir of curling lobes.  As you would expect, the depth of field of the macro setup with extension tubes is quite small, and, in fact, focus-stacking was used to increase the depth of field across this view.  14 frames (!) were combined while changing focus slightly between shots to get all parts of the flower center in focus!

But I was after smaller prey!  As spotted in one of the frames yesterday, there were little pink aphids even on the just-opened flowers, so I was sort of searching for those tiny insects.  I had some luck right away.  This dandelion at left had a couple feeding on it, this aphid seeming to pose for me patiently while taking this 7-frame focus stack.  At left is a nearly full-frame view, and the crop at right from the same image is shown at the full-camera resolution.  I'm quite amazed at the resolution - pollen can be easily resolved, as well as details on the aphids, though to the naked eye they could barely be detected at all even when knowing where to look! 

There was nothing magical about the focus-stacking, it was only used to widen the depth of field in the above image.  I also shot a number of single-frame shots of our little friend, this one at left about the best one, again, showed here at the full-camera resolution.  This shot was taken at just about the close-focus limit of the macro setup, so is just about as good as this setup allows...

While this stuff seems amazing, given the lowly dandelion as subject, the plant itself is pretty amazing!  I found an interesting site about microscopic dandelion structure if anyone wants to learn more.

Parts of the yard are carpeted in what Melinda calls "snowdrops", and I tried imaging them though they are much harder to work with in the wind than the dandelions.  They sit atop a slender stalk, and even though small, they are buffeted a lot by any breeze.  This is a 7-frame focus stack, but unlike the dandelion close-ups, pollen grains can't be resolved though the color variations are striking...

Finally, later in the afternoon, another target presented itself!  Canada Geese are a common sight around here all winter long as some stay even in the Midwest's cold temperatures.  But yesterday the adults were seen with their goslings feeding in the yard.  I grabbed a telephoto lens (a Nikon 500 F/8), and even though nearly 40 yards away, only got a couple shots before they headed into the Fox River.  They err on the side of safety with potential predators, so take off when anything strange (like me!) make an appearance.  We've also got a duck nest nestled against the house, but have about given up on our chance of seeing ducklings this trip...

First Ceremonial Dandelion and a "New" Camera!

I inherited a "new" camera today - a Canon T3 that my sister-in-law Susan received as a Christmas gift 18 months ago...  She passed suddenly last November, and while most of her estate has been settled, the camera needed a good home, so it came to me.  She had only taken 265 frames with it, I took #266 this morning... 

It's debut was with the macro lens, trying it out on the first ceremonial dandelions that I saw peeking out from our yard.  They are still far from fully open, in fact, they are hard to spot looking out the sunroom window, but easier to see in a brief walk.  This first frame, being an oblique view, benefited from focus stacking - I took 7 frames as the focus shifted from the near side to the far side of the flower (all hand held with the macro!), then the sharp portions of each were assembled in Photoshop.  It worked well, and if you load the full-size view (click on the image), you can even spot a few cream-colored aphids that I didn't spot until seeing the full-size image on the computer screen!

The second frame here at right is a single shot, looking straight down, so no need for any focus stacking - the depth of field was deep enough to keep the blossom in focus.  All pictures were taken at F/8 and 160th second at ISO 400.  Will have to wait and see if it warms enough to get any in full bloom before we return to Tucson - these are still a little shy around the cool temperatures!

The Opposite of Tucson...

The weather guy said it all last night on the Chicago news: "Tomorrow is going to be a beautiful March day!"  Yes, the calendar sez May, but the highs have been in the 40s and rainy, without sun in ages (well, since last weekend anyway).  Meanwhile in Tucson, it has been clear and temps have been spending most of their time north of 90F the last few weeks, though hasn't broken 100 yet...

So while it still early Spring in Illinois, we're still stuck with the early blossoms, mostly daffodils and tulips around here.  Even the dandelions haven't bloomed yet!  But we do have a good patch of grape hyacinth in the yard south of the house.  The patch is definitely larger and denser than last year, so they must have enjoyed the hard winter!  The image at right is taken with the macro and tripod, and shows about 1" (about 3cm) of the blossom.  Each of the largest "grapes" are about 1/8" (3mm) across.

Those of you who have been monitoring the blog
lately will likely know that the right image was put together from a set of "focus stacked" images.  Eight pictures were taken as the focus was moved between the front and rear part of the flower and combined into a single image in Photoshop.  Enter "focus stack" in the search box at upper left to find my earlier posts on the subject and to find the video tutorial I used to learn the process.  Shown here at left is the same image as above at full-camera resolution.  Taken at a wider aperture of F/6.3, the exposures can be shorter (160th second at ISO 400) and you retain the higher resolution, though narrower depth of field of the larger opening.  Most would ask, why not just stop it down for greater depth of field?  Well, shown at right is just that - exposed at F/22 for a 16th of a second, and you can see the resolution (again, shown at full-camera resolution) is lower.  Whether it is due to the 10X longer exposure or pure diffraction from the smaller aperture, I can't say.  There were some breezes, but I was waiting for quiet moments for all these shots...  It looks to me that focus stacking wins hands down!

There are few other spots of color in our yard. 
Our neighbor Elaine has a patch of daffodils I was attracted too, and the macro moved in to the central part of the flower for the view at left.  She has quite the assortment of flowers, most blooming later in the Spring and Summer.  The peonies were out of the ground, their buds formed, though we'll miss the gorgeous blooms in a month or so...  You can see the bud being attended by ants - they always seems working hard on peonies, and  I learned today that they actually have no role in the bloom mechanics - they are only attracted to the nectar emitted by the bud.  The mistaken assumption they are needed for blooming is a myth!

The trillium is sprouting with their buds, but very few have bloomed yet, the one at right the exception.  I don't know why I like them so much - they seem to make the blog every year...  I like the variegated patterns on the leaves, and the blooms are so unflowery - perhaps that is why I'm attracted to them.  They are also difficult to photograph properly other than lying on the ground and getting eye-to-eye with them...  I liked the stumpy one at left as it competes for sunlight with what passes for grass in our shady yard south of the house...

Other plants that attracted my attention were the "weeping willow" trees popular in the area.  Even as sister Maj picked us up at the airport 10 days ago, the willows seemed "extra juiced" as the trees were just all starting to leaf out then.  I stated that it looked like the willows had little flowers on them, but the idea was discounted by others in the car...  It wasn't until we came back to northern Illinois and I examined the weeping willows on the grounds here that I saw that indeed they were sporting flowers!  Shown at left is a wide view of the "pendulous" branches and flowers, with a macro view of the flowers shown at right.

While we've got a few more days here, dramatically warmer weather isn't predicted, so I don't expect too much more excitement to photograph in the springtime venue here, but will keep an eye out!